Table C1

Table C1. Total number of students, percentage female, number of students per 100,000 inhabitants and gross enrolment ratios by country and gender, 1985 and 1995 or LYA.

When data on number of students presented in column (2) are partial, this is indicated by a footnote. In this case indicators presented in columns (3) to (7) are based on estimates of the total figures

							Gross enrolment ratios (%)
Country or territory	Year (1)		Number of students (2)		% female (3)	Students per 100 000 inhabitants (4)	MF (5)	M (6)	F (7)

Africa

Algeria	1985		132 057		31	798	7,9	10,7	5,0
	1995		347 410		40	1 236	12,0	14,0	9,8

Benin	1985		9 063		16	225	2,4	4,4	0,7
	1995		11 227		18	208	2.6	4.2	0.9

Botswana	1985		1 938		45	180	1.8	2,0	1.6
	1995		7 920		48	546	5,5	5,8	5,3

Burkina Faso	1985		4 085		23	52	0.6	0.9	0.3
	1995		9 388		24	90	1,0	1,5	0.5

Burundi	1985		2 783		24	59	0.6	0.9	0.3
	1992		4 256		26	74	0.9	1.3	0.4

Chad	1984		1 643		9	38	0,4	0,7	0,1
	1995		3 446		26	54	0,6	1,1	0,2

Congo	1985		10 684		16	555	6.3	10.9	1.9
	1992		13 806		...	582	6,5	...	...

Cote d'Ivoire	1985		21 650	*	19	219	2.6	4.2	1,0
	1994		55 000	*	25	413	4,5	6,6	2,2

Democratic Rep. of Congo	1985		40 878		�	129	1.4	�	�
	1994		93 266		�	212	2.3	�	�

Djibouti	1991		53		30	10	0,1	0,2	0,1
	1995		130		47	22	0.2	0.2	0.2

Egypt	1985		854 584		30	1 717	18.1	24.5	11.2
	1995		850 051	a	38	1 900	20,3	24,2	16,0

Eritrea	1995		3020		12	95	1,0	1,8	0,2

Ethiopia	1985		27 338		18	66	0.7	1.2	0.3
	1995		35 027		19	62	0.7	1.1	0.3

Gambia	1994		1 591		36	148	1,7	2,3	1,2

Guinea	1985		8801		14	176	2,1	3,5	0,6
	1995		7722		9	105	1,2	2,2	0,2

Lesotho	1985		1 771		53	113	1.3	1.2	1.3
	1995		4 384		55	216	2,3	2,1	2,6

Madagascar	1985		38 310		38	359	3,8	4,7	2,9
	1995		28 814		45	194	2,1	2,3	1,9

Malawi	1985		3 057		23	42	0,5	0,7	0,2
	1995		5 561		30	58	0,6	0,9	0,4

Mauritania	1985		4 526		�	256	2.8	�	�
	1995		8 496		17	374	3,9	6,4	1,3

Mauritius	1985		1 161		36	114	1.1	1.3	0.8
	1995		6 799		48	609	6,7	6,9	6,6

Morocco	1985		181 087		32	837	8.7	11.9	5.5
	1994		294 502		41	1 132	11,1	12,8	9,3

Mozambique	1985		1 442		23	11	0.1	0.2	0.1
	1995		6 639		25	41	0.5	0,7	0,2

Namibia	1995		11 344		61	738	8.1	6.3	9.9

Senegal	1985		13 354		21	209	2.4	3.8	1,0
	1994		24 081		�	297	3,4	�	�

South Africa	1994		617 897		48	1 524	15.9	16.6	15.2

Swaziland	1985		2 732		�	421	4,4	�	�
	1995		3 497		44	408	3,8	3,9	3,7

Togo	1985		5 230	*	14	173	1.9	3.4	0.5
	1995		11 639		15	285	3.2	5,5	1,0

Tunisia	1985		41 594		36	567	5.5	6.9	4,0
	1995		112 634		44	1 253	12.9	14.2	11.5

Uganda	1985		10 103		23	68	0.8	1,2	0,4
	1995		30 266		33	154	1,7	2,3	1,1

United Rep. of Tanzania ¹	1985		4 863		15	22	0.3	0.4	0.1
	1995		12 776		16	43	0.5	0.8	0.1

Zambia	1986		14 492		21	221	2,5	4,1	1,0
	1994		10 489	b	29	241	2.5	3.6	1.4

Zimbabwe	1985		30 843		�	368	3.9	�	�
	1995		45 593	c	30	626	6.9	10.1	3.8

America, North

Barbados	1984		5 227		49	2 075	19,8	20,0	19,6
	1995		3 064	d	60	2 572	29,4	23,5	35,4

Canada	1985		1 639 410		45	6 320	69.6	62,0	77.7
	1993		2 011 485		53	6 984	102.9	95.7	110.2

Costa Rica	1985		63 771		�	2 414	22,0	�	�
	1994		78 819	d	�	2 919	31.9	�	�

Cuba	1985		235 224		54	2 325	20.1	18.3	22.1
	1995		122 346		60	1 116	12.7	10.1	15.5

Dominica	1984		60		67	.	.	.	.
	1992		484		43	.	.	.	.

Dominican Republic	1985		123748		�	1941	18,0	�	�
	1996	#	176995		57	2223	22,9	19,1	26,8

El Salvador	1985		70 499		44	1 508	16,8	19,4	14,3
	1995		114 998		51	2 031	17.7	17.5	17.9

Guatemala	1985		48 283	e	�	741	8.1	�	�
	1995		80 228		�	755	8.1	�	�

Honduras	1985		36 620		38	875	8.8	10.9	6.7
	1994		54 106		44	985	10,0	11,0	8.8

Jamaica	1985		10969		44	475	4,4	5,0	3,8
	1995		8191	d	43	770	7,5	8,3	6,7

Mexico	1985		1 207 779		38	1 600	15.9	20.4	11.5
	1994		1 420 461		47	1 586	14.3	15.3	13.3

Nicaragua	1985		29 001		56	905	9.3	8.2	10.4
	1995		50 769		51	1231	11,9	11,6	12,2

Panama	1985		55 303		58	2 552	24.6	20.6	28.6
	1995		76 839		�	2 921	30,0	�	�

St. Kitts and Nevis	1985		212		42	.	.	.	.
	1992		394		55	.	.	.	.

St. Lucia	1986		367		55	.	.	.	.
	1995		2760		72	.	.	.	.

Trinidad and Tobago	1985		6 582		39	559	5.3	6.5	4.1
	1995		5 348	d	41	730	7,8	8,4	7,0

United States	1985		12 247 055		52	5 064	60.2	56.3	64.3
	1995		14 261 778		56	5 339	81.0	70,6	91,8

America, South

Argentina	1985		846 145		53	2 792	35.7	33.6	37.8
	1994		1 069 617		�	3 117	36,2	�	�

Brazil	1986		1 451 191		�	1 052	10,3	�	�
	1994		1 716 263		54	1 094	11.3	10,4	12,2

Chile	1985		197 437		43	1 639	15.6	17.6	13.7
	1995		342 788		46	2 412	28.2	30.2	26,0

Colombia	1985		391 490		49	1 331	11.3	11.6	11,0
	1995		588 322		51	1 643	17.2	16.8	17.6

Guyana	1985		2 328		48	294	2.4	2.5	2.3
	1995		7 680		47	926	9,7	10,2	9,2

Paraguay	1985		32 090		...	889	9.1	...	...
	1995		40 913	f	...	1031	11,3	...	...

Peru	1985		452 462		...	2 321	22.4	...	...
	1994		755 929		...	3 268	31.1	...	...

Uruguay	1996	#	79 691		...	2 488	29,4	...	...

Asia

Armenia	1985		102 700		...	3 076	32.3	...	...
	1995		39 592		51	1 090	13,7	13,2	14,2

Azerbaijan	1985		182 145		47	2 731	24,4	25,8	23,1
	1995		118 105		49	1 568	18,1	18,0	18,3

Bahrain	1985		4 180		60	1 011	12.8	9.7	16.4
	1993		7 676		58	1 445	20,2	16,6	24,0

Brunei Darussalam	1986		601		50	262	2,8	2,8	2,9
	1995		1 270	d	59	518	6,6	5,3	8,0

Cambodia	1994		11 652		16	119	1,6	2,7	0,5

China	1985		3 515 485		29	328	2.9	3.9	1.7
	1995		5 621 543		...	461	5,3	...	...

Cyprus ²	1985		3 134		48	575	7,0	7,0	7,0
	1995		8 874		59	...	20,0	16,0	24,0

Georgia	1985		144 400	*	...	2 731	32,7	...	...
	1995		155 033		53	2 845	38.1	35.2	41.1

Hong Kong	1984		76 844		35	1 425	13,3	16,9	9,4
	1993		97 392		43	1 635	21.9	23.9	19.7

India	1985		4 470 844		30	582	6,0	8,1	3,8
	1995		5 695 780		36	613	6,5	8,0	4,9

Indonesia	1986		1 277 684		�	749	6,3	�	�
	1995		2 303 469		35	1 167	11,3	14,6	8,0

Iran, Islamic Rep. of	1986		239 300	*	30	469	5,1	7,0	3,1
	1995		1 048 093		37	1 533	16,6	20,5	12,5

Israel	1985		116 062		47	2 742	33.1	33.9	32.2
	1995		198 766		...	3 598	41.1	...	...

Japan	1985		2 347 463		35	1 943	27.8	35.5	19.8
	1994		3 917 709		44	3 139	40.3	44,0	36.3

Jordan ³	1985		53 753		45	�	...	...	�
	1995		99 020		46	�	...	...	�

Kazakstan	1985		551 000		�	3 481	36.7	�	�
	1995		472 000	*	56	2 807	32.7	28.7	36.8

Korea, Republic of	1985		1 455 759		30	3 568	34,0	45.8	21.2
	1995		2 225 092		35	4 974	52,0	65.5	37.6

Kuwait	1985		23 678		54	1 377	16.6	15.3	17.9
	1995		28 705	g	56	2 247	25.4	22.4	28.3

Kyrgyzstan	1985		71 330	*	�	1 777	18.3	...	...
	1995		49 744		52	1 115	12.2	11.6	12.8

Lao People's Dem. Rep.	1985		5 382		36	150	1.6	2,0	1.1
	1996	#	12 732		30	253	2,8	3,9	1,6

Lebanon	1985		79 500		�	2 980	27,8	...	...
	1995		81 588		49	2 712	27,0	27.2	26.8

Macau	1996	#	7 485		49	1 700	27,6	27,2	28,0

Malaysia	1985		93 249		44	595	5.9	6.6	5.2
	1994		191 290		�	971	10.6	...	...

Mongolia	1985		40 099		�	2 101	21.6	�	�
	1995		38 643		70	1 569	15.2	9.1	21.3

Myanmar	1985		179 366		54	478	4.5	4.2	4.8
	1994		250 000	*	61	564	5.4	4.2	6.7

Nepal	1985		54 452	h	...	424	4.4	...	...
	1993		102 018		...	501	5.2	...	...

Oman	1985		990		36	670	0,8	1,0	0,6
	1995		9664		47	438	5,3	5,6	5,0

Palestine

Gaza Strip	1986		5313		38	...	...	...	...

West Bank	1986		19872		44	...	...	...	...

Palestine	1995		40916		44	�	�	�	�

Philippines	1985		1 402 000		�	2 565	24.9	�	�
	1995		2 022 106		57	2 981	29,7	25,4	34,1

Qatar	1985		5 344		62	1 494	20.7	12.7	33.8
	1995		8 271		72	1 509	27,6	14,6	42,0

Saudi Arabia	1985		113 529		39	898	10.6	11.8	9.2
	1995		251 945		48	1 380	15,8	16,3	15,3

Singapore	1985		39 913		37	1 474	13.6	16.6	10.4
	1995		83 914		44	2 522	33,7	36,7	30,7

Sri Lanka	1985		59 377		40	370	3.7	4.4	3,0
	1995		63 660	i	41	474	5,1	6,0	4,2

Syrian Arab Republic	1985		179 473		35	1 726	17.1	21.5	12.3
	1994		215 734		41	1 559	15,7	18,2	13,1

Tajikistan	1985		95 247		42	2 086	20,1	23,1	16,9
	1994		108 203		33	1 890	20.3	27,0	13.4

Thailand	1985		1 026 952		...	2 009	19,0	...	...
	1995		1 220 481		...	2 096	20.1	...	...

Turkey	1985		469 992		32	934	8.9	11.6	6,0
	1994		1 174 299		38	1 960	18.2	21.9	14.3

United Arab Emirates	1985		7 772		58	501	6.8	4.8	9.5
	1996		15 789	d	77	801	11,9	4,9	20,6

Viet Nam	1985		121 159		...	202	1.9	...	...
	1995		297 900		...	404	4.1	...	...

Yemen	1996	#	65 675		13	419	4,2	7,0	1,1

Europe

Albania	1985		21 995	j	48	1 080	10,5	10,3	10,7
	1993		30 185		53	899	9.6	8.8	10.5

Austria	1985		173 215		45	2 292	26.4	28.4	24.3
	1995		238 981		48	2 970	46,6	46,8	46,4

Belarus	1985		342 400		...	3 425	44.8	...	...
	1995		313 800		54	3 031	42.6	39.1	46,0

Belgium	1985		247 499		46	2 511	32.2	34.3	30,0
	1994		352 630		49	3 494	54,4	54,0	54,8

Bulgaria	1985		113 795		55	1 270	18.9	16.8	21.2
	1995		250 336		62	2 942	39.4	29.3	49.9

Croatia	1985		55 886	k	...	1 250	17.7	...	...
	1995		86 357	k	49	1 917	28.3	28.3	28.3

Czech Republic	1985		107 098		42	1 039	15,8	18,0	13,6
	1995		191 604		47	1 867	21,9	22,8	20,9

Denmark	1985		116 319		49	2 275	29.1	28.8	29.5
	1995		166 545		55	3 188	45,0	39,3	51,1

Estonia	1985		24 680		58	1 625	24.1	19.6	29,0
	1995		39 726		53	2 670	38.1	35.1	41.2

Finland	1985		127 976		49	2 611	34.1	34.2	34,0
	1995		213 995		53	4 190	70,3	65,8	76,7

France	1985		1 278 581		50	2 318	29.8	29.2	30.3
	1995		2 091 688		...	3 600	51,0	...	...

Germany	1990		2 048 627	k	...	2 581	33,9	...	...
	1995		2 144 169	k	45	2 628	44,4	47,1	41,3

Greece	1985		181 901		49	1 831	24.2	23.6	24.8
	1995		329 185		48	3 149	42,5	42,7	42,3

Holy See	1985		9 775		33	.	.	.	.
	1995		14 403		25	.	.	.	.

Hungary	1985		99 344		54	939	15.4	13.9	16.9
	1995		179 563		�	1 777	22,0	...	...

Iceland	1985		4 724		55	1 957	21.1	18.4	23.8
	1995		7 483		59	2 756	35.2	30,0	40,5

Ireland	1985		70 301		43	1 979	22.3	24.8	19.8
	1995		128 284		51	3 618	38,5	37,1	40,0

Italy	1985		1 185 304		46	2 088	25.5	27,0	23.8
	1995		1 775 186		53	3 103	41,4	38,1	44,8

Latvia	1985		43 914		61	1 692	22.7	18,0	27.5
	1995		44 064		57	1 737	25.7	21.8	29.6

Lithuania	1985		96 500	*	64	2 621	32.5	23.5	41.8
	1995		75 559		59	2 023	28.2	22.5	34.1

Malta	1985		1 474		33	428	5.8	7.6	3.9
	1994		5 805		48	1 595	21.8	22,0	21.7

Moldova	1985		113 800		�	2 700	32.8	...	...
	1995		87 700		56	1 976	25,0	22.1	27.9

Netherlands	1985		404 866		41	2 794	31.8	36.8	26.6
	1995		491 748		47	3 176	48,6	50,1	47,0

Norway	1985		94 658		52	2 279	29.6	27.8	31.6
	1995		180 383		55	4 164	58,4	51,2	66,0

Poland	1985		454 190		56	1 221	17.1	14.8	19.5
	1993		747 638		57	1 946	27.4	23.2	31.8

Portugal	1986		129 277		�	1 305	15,5	14,9	16,1
	1994		300 573		57	3 060	36,8	31,6	42,3

Romania	1985		159 798		45	703	10,0	10.7	9.1
	1995		336 141		�	1 479	18.3	...	...

Russian Federation	1985		5 444 000	*	57	3 768	54.2	45.9	62.8
	1994		4 458 363		56	2 998	42.9	37.4	48.5

Slovakia	1992		66 002		48	1 247	16,1	16,4	15,8
	1995		91 553		50	1 715	20.2	20,0	20.5

Slovenia	1985		29 601		53	1 574	21,2	19,8	22,7
	1995		47 908	k	56	2 489	33,3	28,2	38,6

Spain	1985		935 126		49	2 431	28.5	28.5	28.6
	1995		1 591 863		53	4 017	48,6	44,6	52,7

Sweden	1985		176 589		52	2 115	30,0	28,1	32,1
	1995		261 209		55	2 972	46,0	40,3	52,0

Switzerland	1985		110 111		32	1 685	21,0	28.1	13.7
	1995		148 024		38	2 066	32,9	40,5	25,2

The FYR of Macedonia	1985		38 065	k	�	1 979	22.6	�	�
	1995		29 583	k	54	1 372	17.5	15.5	19.7

Ukraine	1985		1 662 000		�	3 263	46.8	�	�
	1995		1 541 000		�	2 977	40.6	�	�

United Kingdom	1985		1 032 491		46	1 824	21.7	23.1	20.1
	1995		1 820 843		50	3 135	49,5	47,3	51,8

Federal Rep. of Yugoslavia	1995		159 512	k	53	1 556	21.1	19.1	23.2

Oceania

Australia	1985		370 048		48	2 366	27.7	28.3	27,0
	1995		964 998		50	5 401	71.7	70,0	73.5

New Zealand	1985		95 793		46	2 950	33.1	35.3	30.8
	1995		163 923		55	4 603	58.2	50.9	65.8

Papua New Guinea	1985		5 068		23	147	1,6	2,2	0,8
	1995		13 663		32	318	3.2	4.2	2.1

#. When no data are available from 1992 to 1995, data for 1996 are shown.

1. Data refer to Tanzania Mainland only.

2. Data refer to Greek institutions only.

3. Data refer to the East Bank only.

a. Data refer to universities and do not include private higher institutions and Al-Ahzar.

b. Data refer to universities and teacher training colleges only.

c. Data do not include private colleges.

d. Data refer to universities and equivalent institutions only.

e. Data refer to University of San Carlos only.

f. Data do not include private universities.

g. Data do not include teacher training.

h. Data refer to public universities only.

i. Data do not include part of vocational education.

j. Data do not include distance learning institutions.

k. Data do not include post-graduate students, as registration is not required.