Source: Office of Research and Development (MOEC)

b) Private Courses

The number of private courses in Indonesia kept increasing. In 1990 the number of private courses were 18,730 and in 1998 it increased to 22,215. The trend of private institutions’ growth is shown in Table 2.14.

Table 2.14

Trend of Number of Private Course Institutions

By Year and Percentage

The variety of vocational courses in private schools are developed in 120 study programs which are grouped into 10 streams, i.e. Secretary, Hotel, Computer, Electronics. Automotive-mechanic, Accountancy, Beautician, Cooking, and Dress- making. Table 2.15 shows the kinds of private courses by province in December 1998.

Ministry of Education and Culture has developed the private courses through standardization program. Nine private courses have been standardized. The standardization is carried out in cooperation with professional association, industrial association, trades institution, and manager of private courses.The private courses which have been standardized have the following characteristics:

1. The private courses which are linked to the world of work cover the following competencies: technical and social competencies.
2. The teaching and learning in a dual system cover learning theory in schools and practical skills in industries.
3. Length of course is 12 months covering 9 months in theory and 3 months in practical skills in industry.
4. Involving the role of industry in practical skills and the employment of graduates.

Table 2.16 shows types of courses classified as Essential Skills.

Table 2.15

Description of Private Course

By Province and Kinds of Courses; December 1998