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| Biosphere Reserve Information | ||||
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LA CAMPANA-PEÑUELAS |
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| General Description | This Biosphere Reserve includes the Campana National Park and the Lago Peñuelas National Reserve. The relief is gently undulating with some small hills and several gullies. The highest peaks are ‘El Roble’ (2,222 metres above sea level), and ‘La Campana’ (1,920 metres). The major vegetation type is scrubland with Looser (Cryptocarya alba) a species of the family Lauraceae, boldea fragran (Peumus boldus), and winter's bark (Drimys winteri). The area harbours one of the two relict stands of Chilean palm (Jubaea chilensis) and roble beech (Nothophagus obliqua) in Chile. Although not very abundant, the fauna is diverse. Mammals include Culpeo (Dusicyon culpaeus) and Argentine grey foxes (D. griseus). Noteworthy birds are grey buzzard-eagle (Geranoetus melanoleucus), red-backed buzzard (Buteo polyosoma), and Chilean mockingbird (Mimus thenca). The Peñuelas Lake consists of a permanent freshwater lake with marshes and grasslands associated to its shores, with semi-arid scrublands with plantations of introduced Pinus and Eucalyptus spp. The lake supplies water to the cities of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar. The Biosphere Reserve is almost uninhabited (12 people in 1984), but around 56,000 national and 1,000 international tourists annually visit the area. Copper mines and illegal logging have damaged the vegetation and landscape in some areas. Environmental education programmes are taking place in order to raise awareness of the population living around the area. | |||
| Major ecosystem type | Evergreen sclerophyllous forest, woodlands or scrub / Mixed mountain and highland systems | |||
| Major habitats & land cover types |
Parque Nacional La Campana: Sclerophyllous woodlands with Peumus boldus, Lithrea caustica and Cryptocarya alba; hydrophilous forests characterized by Crinodendron patagua, Drimys winteri and Persea meyeniana; shrubby steppe; scrublands; palm communities with Jubaea chilensis; forests; pasture land Reserva Nacional Lago Peñuelas: Coastal sclerophyllous woodlands with associations of Retanilla trinervia and Colligauaja odorifera, as well as Acacia caven and Maytenus boaria; forestry systems with Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata |
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| Location |
Parque Nacional La Campana:32°55' to 33°01'S; 71°01' to 71°09'W Reserva Nacional Lago Peñuelas: 33°07' to 33°13'S; 71°24' to 71°34'W |
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| Area (hectares) | ||||
| Total | 17,095 | |||
| Core area(s) | Parque Nacional La Campana: 6 zones; Parque Nacional La Campana: 6 zones Reserva Nacional Lago Peñuelas: 7 zones | |||
| Buffer zone(s) | ||||
| Transition area(s) when given | ||||
| Altitude (metres above sea level) | +350 to +2,222 | |||
| Year designated | 1984 | |||
| Administrative authorities | Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF) Parque Nacional La Campana | |||
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| Brief description |
Flora/Fauna Patterns and processes in metapopulations Bird census Impact of tourism Erosion studies |
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| Specific variables... | ||||
| Abiotic | Erosion. | |||
| Biodiversity | Birds, fauna, flora, population genetics/population dynamics. | |||
| Socio-economic | Tourism. | |||
| Integrated monitoring | Impact and risk studies/Environmental impact. | |||
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| Contact address |
Mario E. Galvez 3 Norte 555 Viña del Mar Chile |
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| Telephone | ||||
| Fax | ||||
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mgalvez@conaf.cl mgf2609@gmail.com |
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| Web site | ||||
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| Last updated: 10/31/2007 |
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