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| Biosphere Reserve Information | ||||
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OMAYED |
 © Photo: Thomas Schaaf |
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| General Description |
Omayed Biosphere Reserve is situated close to Alexandria and belongs to the biome of warm deserts and semi-deserts of the Western Mediterranean region. Low calcareous rocky ridges (ancient dunes) altering with depressions characterize the relief. Three major physiographic systems can be distinguished: coastal systems, ridges and depressions, and inland plateau systems. The Omayed Biosphere Reserve was extended to an area of 70,000 hectares in 1998. The Egyptian authorities wanted to change the objectives of the site from being just an ‘experimental research area’ to encompass all the main objectives of a biosphere reserve and in particular to represent the landscapes, ecosystems, species and genetic variation of the region. There are many different tribes in the area, which supports some 5,500 people (1997). Being a biosphere reserve, the area is expected to serve as a site for sustainable development of natural resources by rationalizing ecotourism, rangeland management, propagating multipurpose woody species, and promoting local industries. It also has an important function in long-term ecological monitoring. |
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| Major ecosystem type | Warm deserts and semi-deserts | |||
| Major habitats & land cover types | Coastal calcareous dunes consisting of Ammophila arenaria, Euphorbia paralias, Pancratium maritimum etc.; inland ridges with skeletal shallow soils characterized by either Thymellaea spp. and Gymnocarpus decandrum communities or by associations of Plantago albicans and Asphodelus microcarpa; saline marshy depressions dominated by Salicornia fruticosa, Cressa cretica, Atriplex halimus etc.; non-saline depressions and inland plateau including species such as Artemisia monosperma and Hammada elegans associations (calcareous soils), Anabasis articulata and Hammada scorpia (shallow degraded soils) and Suaeda pruinosa and Salsola tetrandra communities (saline soils); pasture land, fig plantations; agroecosystems | |||
| Location | 29°00' - 29°18'N; 30°38' - 30°52'E | |||
| Area (hectares) | ||||
| Total | 75,800 | |||
| Core area(s) | 800 | |||
| Buffer zone(s) | 5,000 | |||
| Transition area(s) when given | 70,000 | |||
| Altitude (metres above sea level) | 0 to +110 | |||
| Year designated | 1981, extension 1998 | |||
| Administrative authorities | Egyptian Environment Affairs Agency (EEAA) Omayed Experimental Research Area | |||
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| Brief description |
Ecological assessment of natural resources using aerial photographs to establish different types of maps Forage composition, consumption rate and nutrition value of diet Rehabilitation and restoration of degraded ecosystems, by the propagation of endangered plant species, and introduction of specially valuable or multi-purpose species Environmental site characterization by soil fauna to identify relations between species of soil fauna and environmental parameters in managed and natural ecosystems Crop production levels and land-use planning for desert agro-ecosystems R-D / R-A planning Models for crop production "potential, water limited, nutrient limited" Species richness and diversity of the vegetation Temporal environmental changes by remote sensing Land-use/land-cover by thematic mapping Sustainability map, and major land use types using GIS Intensive studies on hydrology, climatology, geomorphology and soils Monitoring the impacts of climatic change on ecosystem structure and function including productivity of rangeland and of orchards Mapping of the different biosphere reserve zones Study of human impacts on the environment Role of women in Bedouin communities Biodiversity database Analysing the process of habitat fragmentation in the biosphere reserve, assessed by using high-resolution satellite imagery |
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| Specific variables... | ||||
| Abiotic | Climate, geomorphology, habitat, hydrology, nutrients, soil. | |||
| Biodiversity | Arid/Semi-arid, biodiversity, degraded areas, ecology, ecosystem assessment, ecosystem functioning/ecosystem structure, fauna, natural resources, productivity, rare/endangered/threatened species, reintroduction, restoration/rehabilitation/redevelopment, vegetation studies/plant cover. | |||
| Socio-economic | Agriculture/Production systems, economically important species, livestock and related impacts/overgrazing, modelling, role of women/gender. | |||
| Integrated monitoring | Environmental change, geographic information system/gis, impact and risk studies/environmental impact, integrated studies/interdisciplinaty, land use/land cover, management issues, mapping, monitoring/methodologies, planning and zoning measures/zonation, remote sensing, sustainable development/sustainable use. | |||
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| Contact address |
Boshra B. Salem University of Alexandria Moharram Bey 21011 Alexandria Egypt |
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| Telephone | (2010) 144 9645 | |||
| Fax | (203) 391 1794 | |||
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boshra.salem@dr.com |
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| Web site | http://www.arabnet.net/ | |||
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| Last updated: 10/15/2001 |
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