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| Biosphere Reserve Information | ||||
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CAMILI |
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| General Description |
The Camili Biosphere Reserve is surrounded by mountains on three sides, and meets the Georgian border on the fourth side to the north. There are three main valleys with the Biosphere Reserve. The main ecosystem types are boreal coniferous forest and temperate deciduous forest including tree species such as black alder (Alns glutinosa), oriental spruce (Picea orientalis), Caucasus lime tree (Tilia rubra ssp. caucasicus), hazelnut (Corylus avellana) and Sessile oak (Quercus petraea). The Camili basin is part of the Karçal Mountains Important Plant Area, which is one of the 122 Important Plant Areas defined in Turkey. The basin is the only area where the Caucasus bee race has remained without its purity being damaged. It is one of the three most important bee races in the world. Many mammals are threatened by extinction because of habitat loss and illegal hunting. The brown bear (Ursus arctos), chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) are among the main target species to be protected in the Camili region in Northeastern Anatolia, which is one of the few regions where they can find refuge. Important carnivore species in the area include wolf (Canis lupus), jackal (Canis aureus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), badger (Meles meles), marten (Martes foina) and weasel (Mustela nivalis) which are evaluated as target species for securing the ecological balance. The Karçal Mountains with the Camili forests is one of the important habitats of the endemic Caucasian black grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi). There are six villages in the biosphere reserve and the permanent population is 1213 people (268 households). Due to the geographical conditions of the area the roads are blocked by snow for 4-6 months in winter. Local people are dependent on nature in order to perpetuate their living. Human-nature relations are built on traditional knowledge and experiences from the past. Besides traditional agriculture and animal husbandry, queen bee production, organic agriculture and ecotourism are considered as the basic activities for a potential economic development. Among the income generating activities, queen bee and honey production are the major activities in the basin. Biological Diversity and Natural Resource Management Project (GEF-II), which is supported by the GEF between 2000 and 2006, is being carried out in the Camili Biosphere Reserve.The organizations responsible for the application of the management plan are the Republic of Turkey, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks, and BDNRMP Camili Project Management. |
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| Major ecosystem type | Boreal coniferous forests, Temperate deciduous forest; Rain forest; Temperate grasslands ecosystems | |||
| Major habitats & land cover types | Boreal Coniferous Forest, Temperate Deciduous Forest characterized by Fagus, Picea, Abies, Alnus, Tilia and Corylus species; Meadows and pastures dominated by Poa species, Sibbaldia parviflora, Carex adrata and Stachis adrata. | |||
| Location | 41º20'49" to 41º31'32"N; 41º49'36" to 42º05'27"E | |||
| Area (hectares) | ||||
| Total | 27,152 | |||
| Core area(s) | 2237 | |||
| Buffer zone(s) | 13731 | |||
| Transition area(s) when given | 11184 | |||
| Altitude (metres above sea level) | +400 to +3415 | |||
| Year designated | 2005 | |||
| Administrative authorities | Camili Biosphere Reserve, reporting to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry | |||
| Last updated: 4/10/2006 |
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