UNESCO plays an important role in the efforts aiming at preventing the present global trend of erosion of diversity, both biological and cultural.

The main activities include:

• International  Programme on the Links between Biological and Cultural Diversity (in collaboration with the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity)
• Sacred natural sites and cultural landscapes (in collaboration with the World Heritage Convention)
• Biocultural Protocols for access and benefit sharing (in collaboration with UNEP and Natural Justice)
• Biodiversity and local and indigenous knowledge (in collaboration with UNESCO LINKS project
• Biodiversity, languages and intangible heritage (in collaboration with the UNESCO Culture Sector)
• Agro-Culture