LIST OF ICRO-UNESCO TRAINING COURSES

1961 Principles and Techniques of Tissue Culture, Leyden (Netherlands)

1963 Genetics and Physiology of Bacterial Viruses, Naples (Italy)
Principles and Techniques of Tissue and Organ Culture, Leyden (Netherlands)
Embryology and Epigenetics, Naples (Italy)

1964 Interaction between Animal Viruses and Host Cells, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia)
Genetics and Physiology of Bacterial Viruses, Naples (Italy)

1965 Centrifugal Fractionation of Animal Cells, Louvain (Belgium)
Modern Aspects of Molecular Biophysics, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
Biological Energy-Transducing Systems at the Subcellular Level, Stockholm (Sweden)
Genetics and Physiology of Bacterial Viruses, Naples (Italy)
Methods in Mammalian Cytogenetics, Naples (Italy)
Continuous Cultivation of Microorganisms, Prague (Czechoslovakia)

1966 DNA-RNA Hybridization, Naples (Italy)
Genetics and Physiology of Bacterial Viruses, Naples (Italy)
Membrane Biophysics, Homburg-Saar (FRG)
Interaction between Animal Viruses and Host Cells, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia)
Ultraviolet and Luminescent Microscopy, Moscow (USSR)

1967 Cell biology of the Sea Urchin Egg and Developing Embryos, Banyuls (France)
Advances and Applications of Microbiological Research, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)
DNA-RNA Hybridization, Naples (Italy)

1968 Genetics and Physiology of Bacterial Viruses, Bangalore (India)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Applications of Computers in Biology & Chemistry, Palo Alto (USA)

1969 DNA-RNA Hybridization, Milano (Italy)
Biotechnology, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Membrane Biophysics, Rochester (USA)
Energy-Transducing Systems at the Subcellular Level, Stockholm (Sweden)
Physical Techniques for the Study of Single Cells, Le Kremlin-Bicetre (France)
Molecular Aspects of Antigenicity and Immunoglobulins, Rehovot (Israel)
Microbial Physiology and Genetics in Molecular Biology, Bombay (India)

1970 Bacterial Membrane and Cell Wall, Paris (France)
Techniques in Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Interaction between Animal Viruses and Host Cells, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia)
Cell Transformation by Tumor Viruses, Havana (Cuba)

1971 Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Development, San Juan (Puerto Rico)
Development & Differentiation of Sea Urchin Embryos, Kotor (Yugoslavia)
Soil Microbiology, Mexico City (Mexico)
Hormones and Regulation of Cellular Metabolism, New Delhi (India)

1972 Fermentation Technology, Osaka (Japan)
Waste Recovery by Microorganisms, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Enzyme Regulation, Madrid (Spain)
Early Evolution of Life, Peradeniya (Sri Lanka)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Biophysics of Black Lipid Films and Liposomes, Moscow (USSR)
Interaction between Animal Viruses and Host Cells, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia)
Biological Membranes, Bern (Switzerland)
Molecular Aspects of Antigenicity and Immunoglobulins, Rehovot (Israel)
Basic Research in Fermentation Technology, Cairo (Egypt)

1973 Cellular Electrobiology, San Juan (Puerto Rico)
The use of Microorganisms in the Study of Cell Differentiation, Bombay (India)
Modern Techniques in Culture Collection Maintenance, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Soil Microbiology, Mexico City (Mexico)
Origin, Regulation and Interrelation of Hemopoietic Cell Populations, Ulm (FRG)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1974 Cell Culture Course on Biochemical Cell Biology, Basel (Switzerland)
Soil Microbiology, Ibadan (Nigeria)
Microbial Ecology, Mexico City (Mexico)
Use of Microorganisms for Waste Recovery & Local Fermentation, Jakarta (Indonesia)
Membrane Biophysics, New Haven (USA)
The Cell Nucleus, Szeged (Hungary)
Mutagenicity Testing of Drugs & Chemicals, Bombay (India)
Lymphocytes in Vitro, Basel (Switzerland)
Microbial Research Techniques in Fermentation & Food Production, Osaka (Japan)
Basic Topics in Neurosciences, Caracas (Venezuela)
Energy Transducing Membranes, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1975 Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Microbial Genetics, Mexico City (Mexico)
Modern Techniques of Freeze Preservation of Mouse Strains, Rotterdam (Netherlands)
Microbial Research Techniques in Fermentation & Food Production, Osaka (Japan)
Fermentation Technology, Guatemala City (Guatemala)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1976 New Developments in Calcium Transport & Contractile Activation, Caracas (Venezuela)
Modern Techniques in Preservation & Use of Microbial Genetic Resources, Bombay(India)
Microbial Protein Production from Natural & Waste Products, Bangkok (Thailand)
Cellular Organization, Nairobi (Kenya)
Cell Genetics in Higher Plants, Szeged (Hungary)
Practical Aspects of Soil & Environmental Microbiology, Yogyakarta (Indonesia)
Role of Microbiology in the Management & Control of the Environment, Manila (Philippines)
Recent Developments & Adaptative of Epithelial Transport, Caracas (Venezuela)
High Altitude Biology, Lima (Peru)
Bacterial Viruses, Cali (Columbia)
Biochemical & Molecular Basis of Drug Action, Santiago (Chile)
Interaction between Animal Viruses & Host Cells, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia)
Fundamental Research on Microbial Biomass Production, Cairo (Egypt)
The Early Development of Sea Urchins, Villefranche-sur-Mer (France)
Algal Physiology & Biochemistry in Environmental Management, Mexico City (Mexico)
Microbial Research Techniques in Fermentation & Food Production, Osaka (Japan)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1977 Cultivation of Edible Fungi, Hong Kong
Microbial Gene Pool Preservation & Use in Environmental Management, Brisbane (Australia)
Basic Research Techniques in Industrial & Environmental Microbiology, Nairobi (Kenya)
Techniques of Developmental Biology, San Juan (Puerto Rico)
Techniques in Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Membrane Biophysics & Biochemistry, Cambridge (UK)
Microbial Control of Insect Pests, Dunedin (New Zealand)
Cell Hybridization as a Tool for Molecular Genetics of Eukaryotes, Naples (Italy)
Microbial Conversion Systems for Food & Fodder Production, (Kuwait)
Biochemical Engineering & Bioconversion, New Delhi (India)
Microbial Transformations in the Management & Control of the Environment, Mexico City (Mexico)
Microbial Processes based upon Agro-Industrial Renewable Products, (Guatemala)
Role of Microorganisms in Waste Recovery & Fermentation, (Singapore)

1978 Animal Viruses & Tissue Culture, Bangalore (India)
Membrane Biophysics & Salt Tolerance in Plants, Faisalabad (Pakistan)
Molecular & Cellular Aspects of Antigenicity, Rehovot (Israel)
Cell Synchronization: a Tool in Cell Cycle Studies, Copenhagen (Denmark)
Plant Tissue Culture Methods & Application in Agriculture, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Regulation of Enzyme Action, Santiago (Chile)
Hormone Receptors, Calcium, Cyclic Nucleotides, Glasgow (UK)
Current Topics of Insect Developmental Genetics, Szeged (Hungary)
Applied Aquatic Microbiology, Jerusalem (Israel)
Microbial Technology, Lagos (Nigeria)
Phytoplankton Productivity, Guayaquil (Ecuador)
Veterinary Microbiology, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Biological Waste Treatment, Seoul (Korea)
Solid Substrate Fermentation, Mexico City (Mexico)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1979 Molecular Genetics of Oncogenic Viruses by DNA Cloning, Rome (Italy)
Receptors & Ionic Channels in Nerve Cell Plasma Membranes, Caracas (Venezuela)
Comparative Biology of the Nervous System, Caracas (Venezuela)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Neurochemistry, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Photosynthesis, Rosario (Argentina)
Environmental Mutagens & Carcinogens, Medellin (Columbia)
Development & Gene Expression in Drosophila melanogaster, Bombay (India)
Microbes for Rural Development, Bandung (Indonesia)
Mushroom Cultivation, Manila (Philippines)
Veterinary Microbiology, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Biotechnology, Osaka (Japan)
Lignocellulose Degradation, Bangkok (Thailand)
Applied Microbial Kinetics, Jena (GDR)
Environmental Aspects of Microbial Food Contamination, Tripoli (Lybia)
Azolla Utilization for Rice Production, Manila (Philippines)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1980 Modern Techniques in Parasitology, Nairobi (Kenya)
Basic Principles & Methods in Membrane Bioenergetics, Szeged (Hungary)
Yeast Genetics, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Cell Differentiation, Quito (Peru)
Use of Tissue Culture for Investigations in Human Cancer, Bombay (India)
Biotechnology, Osaka (Japan)
Rhizobium Technology, Porto Alegre (Brazil)
Biotechnology in Waste Management, Waterloo (Canada)
Techniques for Culture Collection & Identification, Brisbane (Australia)
Diagnostic Veterinary Microbiology, Peredenya (Sri Lanka)
Fuels & Chemicals from Biomass, San Jose (Costa Rica)
Biodeterioration, Birmingham (UK)
Development of Culture Collections, Cairo (Egypt)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1981 Recombinant DNA Techniques, Varanasi (India)
Basic Concepts & Techniques in Research on Biological Membranes, Ibadan (Nigeria)
Genetics of Antibiotic Biosynthesis, Leon (Spain)
Insect Growth and Development, Nairobi (Kenya)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
New Approaches to Plant Genetics & Breeding, Beijing (China)
Plant Tissue Culture Methods & Applications in Agriculture, Los Banos (Philippines)
Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Antigenicity, Rehovot (Israel)
Fuels & Chemicals from Biomass by Fermentation, Antigua (Costa Rica)
Biological N Fixation for Tropical Agriculture, Cali (Colombia)
Culture Collection & Gene Pool Maintenance, Brno (Czechoslovakia)
Fungal Protoplast Fusion, Szeged (Hungary)
Alcohol Production from Sugar Wastes, Tucuman (Argentina)
Biotechnology, Osaka (Japan)
Microbial Physiology & Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms, Melbourne (Australia)
Biotechnology, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Viral Vaccines, Hong Kong
Microbial Processes Fermentation Technology, Cairo (Egypt)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1982 Cell Biology of Early Development, Nagoya (Japan)
Recent Development in Tissue Culture Techniques applied to the Study of Host-Parasite Interactions, Hanoi (Vietnam)
Biochemistry & Genetics of Yeast, Madrid (Spain)
Basic & Biomedical Aspects of Membrane Biology, Mexico City (Mexico)
Electrogenic Effects in Bioenergetics, Szeged (Hungary)
Tissue Culture in Plant Biology & Agriculture, Sfax (Tunisia)
Microbial Technology, Osaka (Japan)
Microbial Conversion of Hydrocarbons and Continuous Biomass Production, Leipzig (GDR)
Research Technique in the Utilization of Mycorrhizae, Serdang (Malaysia)
Bio-Energy Economics in Rural Communities, Glasgow (UK)
Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis in Tropical Agriculture, San Jose (Costa Rica)
Impact of Rural and Urban Biotechnologies in Developing Countries, Paris (France)
Rhizobium Technology, La Plata (Argentina)
Rhizobium Technology, Porto Alegre (Brazil)
African Biogas Technology, Arasha (Tanzania)
Socio-Economic Aspects of Biofertilizer Technology, Nairobi (Kenya)
Biofertilizers and Bioenergy Sources, Cairo (Egypt)
Microbial Biotechnological Processes, Baghdad (Iraq)
Rhizobium Technology, Nairobi (Kenya)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1983 Molecular Aspects of Developmental Biology, Puerto Rico (USA)
The Cell Cycle, Madrid (Spain)
The Metabolism of Xenobiotics and its Relationship to Chemical Carcinogenesis, Stockholm (Sweden)
Anesthesia: Basic Mechanisms in Cellular Membranes, Caracas (Venezuela)
Insect Chemoreception, Nairobi (Kenya)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
La Physiologie et la Genetique des Virus, Dakar (Senegal)
Microbial Technology, Osaka (Japan)
Rural Bioenergy Systems, Scotland (UK)
Microbial Biodeterioration and Bioconservation Activities in Museums, Kew (UK)
Ethanol Production, Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic)
Computer Usage in Microbiology, Maryland (USA)
Culture Collection Maintenance with Relation to Food Production, Istanbul (Turkey)
Microbial Genetics of Microorganisms, Singapore
Enzyme Technology, Lisbon (Portugal)
Biogas Technology, Dakar (Senegal)
Microbial Technology, London (UK)
Photosynthesis and Bioproductivity, Fortaleza (Brazil)
Microbiological and Chemical Assessment of Water Quality in Relation to Water Supply, Sanitation and Irrigation, Bangul (Gambia)
Agricultural Microbiology, Rabat (Morocco)
Metodos de Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales y sus Aplicaciones en Agricultura, Tucuman (Argentina)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1984 Molecular and Cellular Aspects of the Early Development of Sea Urchins, Palermo (Italy)
Immunogenetics, Bombay (India)
Biochemistry of Oxygen Toxicity, Porto (Portugal)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
Techniques for Culture and Conservation of Microorganisms, Nairobi (Kenya)
Toxicologie Alimentaire, Brazzaville (Congo)
Le Role des Microorganismes dans la Fertilite des Sols, Ibadan (Nigeria)
Bioconversion Biomass Technology, Waterloo (Canada)
Rhizobium Production and Utilization, Montevideo (Uruguay)
Biochemical Engineering, Valparaiso (Chile)
Experimental Methods in Bioengineering, Braunwald (Switzerland)
Microbial Bioconversion Activities in Museums, Surrey (UK)
Yeast: Identification, Preservation and Use in Biotechnology, Bangkok (Thailand)

1985 Gene Transfer in Higher Eukaryotes, Sofia (Bulgaria)
Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Immunology, Rehovot (Israel)
Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nagoya (Japan)
Metodos de Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales y sus Aplicaciones en Agricultura, Turrialba (Costa Rica)
Méthodes de Culture de Tissus de Plantes et Applications à l'Agriculture, Dakar (Senegal)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Monoclonal Antibody Production by Hybridoma Techniques, New Delhi (India)
Bioindicators in Detection and Evaluation of the Effect of Environmental Pollution, Tihany (Hungary)
Plant Cell and Tissue Culture, Methods and Applications, Baroda (India)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
Endomycorrhizas in the Middle-East and other Semi-Arid Areas, Cairo (Egypt)
Biomass Based Fermentation and its Prospects for Developing Countries, Safat (Koweit)
Microbial Biomass Proteins: Nutritional, Safety and Economic Aspects,Waterloo (Canada)
Production and Utilization of Biogas, Bujumbura (Burundi)
Water Microbiology, Amman (Jordan)
Biotechnology as a Tool in Environmental Management, Peradeniya (Sri Lanka)
Rhizobium/Legume Inoculents, Porto Alegre (Brazil)
Microbial Insecticides, Bangi (Malaysia)
Procesos Fermentativos en Biotecnologia, La Plata (Argentina)
Soil Microbiology, La Paz (Bolivia)

1986 Free Radicals and Excited States in Biological Systems, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Cellular and Molecular Techniques in Cytogenetics, Varanasi (India)
Cellular, Immunological and Molecular Methods in the Study of Animal Viruses, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Biological Membranes: Principles, Techniques and Application to Parasitic Diseases, Mexico City (Mexico)
Mutagenesis, Induced Damage and Chromosome Structure, La Plata (Argentina) and Montevideo (Uruguay)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
Filamentous Fungi, Yeasts and Actinomycetes: Genetic, Genetic Engineering and Applications in Biotechnology, Bangkok (Thailand)
Immobilized Enzymes and Cells, Waterloo (Canada)
Yeast Biotechnology, Reduit (Mauritius)
Actual and Potential Industrial Utilization of Parasitic and Symbiotic Microorganisms of Plants, Paris (France)
Bioinformatics: Data Management and Computer Usage in Culture Collections, Osaka (Japan)
Les Aspects Techniques des Associations Symbiotiques Rhizobium-Legumineuses, Bambey (Senegal)
Computer-Aided Monitoring and Control of Fermentation, Safat (Kuwait)
Identification of Rhizobium for Inoculant Production, Porto Alegre (Brazil)
Utilization of Computerized Systems for Culture Collection, Porto Alegre (Brazil)

1987 Gene Cloning and Expression, New Delhi (India)
Cultivo in-vitro de Tejidos Vegetales: Avances y Problemas, Santiago (Chile)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Basis and Medical Application of Cell Culture Technology, Nagoya (Japan)
Molecular Biology of Photosynthesis, Rosario (Argentina)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
Traditional Fermented Foods of the Arab Region, Khartoum (Sudan)
Biological Treatment of Waste Water, Safat (Kuwait)

1988 Immunogenetics, New Delhi (India)
Techniques of Molecular Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Molecular and Celllular Aspects of Immunology, Rehovot (Israel)
Immunochemistry Applied to Cellular and Molecular Biology of Parasites, Caracas (Venezuela)
Oxygen Free Radicals: Biochemical, Physiological and Clinical Aspects, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Plant Biotechnology, Kostinbrod (Bulgaria)
Etude Fondamentale des Chlamydiales: Applications Clinique, Diagnostique et Thérapeutique, Franceville (Gabon)
Selected Topics in Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
Integrated Systems for Organic Wastes Utilization, Safat (Kuwait)
Computers in Culture Collections, Maryland (U.S.A.)
Preservation of Microorganisms,Maryland (U.S.A.)
Food Microbiology and Quality Control, Cairo (A.R.E.)
Biodeterioration Biotechnology and Cultural Property, Surrey (U.K.)
Biotechnology, Paris (France)

1989 Biochemistry of Membrane Transport, Budapest and Lake Balaton (Hungary)
Plant Biotechnology, Madrid (Spain)
Plant Cell Culture and Biotechnology, Rabat (Morocco)
Advances and Problems of Plant Cell and Tissue Culture, Cali (Colombia)
Biotechnology for Research and Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, Bogota (Colombia)
Transmembrane Signalling and Membrane Dynamics, Debrecen (Hungary)
Méthodes Modernes de Diagnostic et de Prévention des Maladies des Plantes, Antananarivo (Madagascar)
Séquençage de l'ADN et Mutagénèse Dirigée, Tunis (Tunisia)
Gene Transfer Techniques, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Selected Topics in Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
Introduction to Industrial Biotechnology, Braunschweig (F.R.G.)
Fungal Technology , Kent (U.K.)
Advances in Biological Nitrogen-Fixation, Puerto Rico (U.S.A.)
Rhizobium Technology, Rabat (Morocco)
Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis, Harare (Zimbabwe)
Microbial Technology with Application to the Food Industry, Sydney (Australia)
Biotechnology Fundamentals, Suva (Fiji)
Impact of Biotechnology on Food Production and Security, Ibadan (Nigeria)
Role and Services of Culture Collections in Biotechnology, Budapest (Hungary)
Improvement of Microbial Strain Traits, Cairo (A.R.E.)
Preservation of Microbial Cultures Used in Biohydro-Metallurgy, Pune (India)
Quality Assurance and Validation Rhizobium Inoculants, Nairobi (Kenya)

1990 Plant Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Nagoya (Japan)
Oxygen Toxicity: Biochemistry, Physiology and Pathology, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Current Trends in Cell Biology, Santiago (Chile)
Techniques in Human Genome Research, Santiago (Chile)
Genetic and Cell Engineering: Principles, Techniques and Application in Modern Biotechnology, Riga (USSR)
Neurochemistry: Cell Secretion and Cell Signalling, Coimbra (Portugal)
Applications of Cellular and Molecular Techniques to Plant Germplasm Conservation, Lausanne (Switzerland)
Biological Membranes and Liposomes, Shanghai (China)
Virus Immunology, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Plant Biotechnology, Kiev (USSR)
Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Immunology, Rehovot (Israel)
Microbial Cultures: Their Preservation and Maintenance, Lusaka (Zambia)
Advanced Methods of Immunology and Molecular Genetic Applied to the Study of Human Parasitic Diseases, La Habana (Cuba)

1991 Les Hybridations Moléculaires Non Radioactives et la Réaction de la Polymérase en Chaîne (PCR) Appliquées à l'Epidémiologie et le Diagnostic Microbiologique, Tunis (Tunisia)
Molecular Genetics, Malta
Engineering of Biological Reactions and Processes, Guatemala City (Guatemala)
Techniques and Applications of Biotechnology to Forest Tree Species, Caracas (Venezuela)
Plant Biotechnology: Principles and Applications, Turrialba (Costa Rica)
Molecular Pathology: Recent Advances on Mechanisms of Cell Injury, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Molecular Biology of Parasites, Lima (Peru)
Cell Cycle Analysis and Regulation of Early Embryogenesis, Ile d'Yeu (France)
Molecular Organization of the Eukaryotic Chromosome in Relation to the Induction of Chromosome Aberrations, Montevideo (Uruguay)
Frontières dans la Recherche sur le Génome, Fez-Rabat (Morocco)

1992 Plant Biotechnology, Ibadan (Nigeria)
Dynamics of Intracellular Structures During the Cell Cycle - A Practical Course Using Cells of Marine Organisms, Ile d'Yeu (France)
Novel Biological Model Systems for Research in Developmental and Neurobiology, Rio Piedras (Puerto Rico)
IV Latin American Course on Biotechnology, Valparaiso (Chile)
Frontiers in Genome Research: Genome Structure and Disease, Costa Rica
Biochemistry of Parasitic Protozoa, Nairobi (Kenya)
Plant Biotechnology, Gödöllö (Hungary)
Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, Shanghai (China)
Xenopus Laevis Oocytes: A Model System for Studying Membrane Transport, Frankfurt (Germany)
Molecular Response of Cells to Stress, Porto (Portugal)
Fermentation Technology for the Conservation of the Environment, Shanghai (China)
Patch-Clamp in Microorganisms, Bogota (Colombia)
International Post-Graduate University Course in Microbiology, Osaka (Japan)

1993 Imaging the Cell in Development & Reproduction, Coquimbo (Chile)
Analysis & Manipulation of the Plant Genome, Irapuato (Mexico)
Biotechnology of Cell Cultures, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Genetic & Cell Engineering, Riga (Latvia)
Biochemistry of Membrane Transport, Lake Balaton (Hungary)
Molecular Genetics, La Habana (Cuba)

1994 Analyse de la Variabilité Génomique des Végétaux, Tunis (Tunisia)
Analyse Biochimique, Immunologique & Fonctionnelle des Antigenes de Surface des Lymphocytes, Tunis (Tunisia)
Oxygen Radicals in Biochemistry, Biophysics & Medicine, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Basic Procedures for Medical Virology, Nagoya (Japan)
Advanced Molecular Biology of Parasitic Protozoa, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Environmental Biotechnology: Advances in Wastewater Treatment Technology, Hong Kong
Plant Biotechnology, Godollo (Hungary)
Techniques Courantes de Biologie Moléculaire, Hanoi (Vietnam)
Plant Cell Culture & Genetic Engineering, Rabat (Morocco)
Microbial Process Development, Hanoi (Vietnam)
Molecular & Cellular Aspects of Immunology, Rehovot (Israel)

1995 Analysis & Manipulation of the Plant Genome, Irapuato (Mexico)
Molecular Genetics, Sfax (Tunisia)
Biotechnology of Cell Cultures, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Membrane Transporters & Channels, Budapest (Hungary)
Biomembranes & Diseases, Cluj-Napoca (Romania)
Calcium & Protein Phosphorylation in Cell Signalling, Shanghai (China)
Data Banks & Computer Support of the Human Genome Project, Moscow (Russia)
Case Studies in Bioengineering for Cleaner Production, Panajachel (Guatemala)
Molecular Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms, Sfax (Tunisia)
Monoclonal Antibodies & Applications, Tunis (Tunisia)
Parasite Genome Projects: Strategies & Methods, Argentina & Uruguay
Imaging Cellular Dynamics during Development & Reproduction, Johannesburg (South Africa)
Different Techniques of In-Situ Hybridization in Animal Cells, Santiago (Chile)

1996 Antioxidants: Physiology, Biochemistry and Biphysics, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Medical Genetics, Genoa (Italy)
Genetics Engineering, Enugu (Nigeria)
Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Godollo (Hungary)
Plant Biotechnology, Pretoria (South Africa)
Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Borj-Cedria (Tunisia)
Non-Coding DNA and DNA Computer Analysis, San Jose (Costa Rica)
Molecular Techniques of Genome Mapping and Screening, Santiago (Chile)
Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)

1997 Analysis and Manipulation of the Plant Genome, Irapuato (Mexico)
Training in Microscopy for Researchers of African Universities, Dakar (Senegal)
The Use of Xenopus Laevis Oocytes for Studying Structure, Function and Regulation of Membrane Proteins, Shanghai (China)
Molecular Biology Techniques, Nairobi (Kenya)
Treatment and Utilization of Agro-Industrial Waste for a Cleaner Environment and Sustainability, Hat Yai (Thailand)
Sea Urchin Eggs and Embryos as Model Cells, Oristano, Sardinia (Italy)
Developments in Agrobiotechnology, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Glycoprotein and Glycosyltransferase, Shanghai (China)

1998 Human Molecular Genetics, Sfax (Tunisia)
Frontiers in Reproduction: Molecular and Cellular Concepts and Applications, Woods Hole (USA)
Molecular Biology of Cancer Cells, Nagoya (Japan)
Membrane Receptors and Transporters, Debrecen (Hungary)
Molecular and Biotechnological Aspects of Sexual Reproduction of Higher Plants, Martonvasar (Hungary)
Membrane Receptors and Transmembrane Signal Transduction, Shanghai (China)
Current Trends in Microbial Technology for a Sustainable Environment, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Patch-Clamp Recording Techniques and Intracellular Calcium Monitoring, Caracas (Venezuela)
Molecular Approach Towards Vaccine Development for Viral Infection, Yogyakarta (Indonesia)
Long-term Training Course on Selected Topics of Modern Biology, Szeged (Hungary)
The Newest in Developmental Genetics, Santiago (Chile)
Imaging and Microinjection of Aquatic Oocytes, Mombasa (Kenya)

1999 Evolutionary Genomics, Puntarenas (Costa Rica)
Cell Signalling, Molecular Biology and Functional Morphology, Montevideo (Uruguay)
Frontiers in Reproduction : Molecular and Cellular Concepts and Applications, Woods Hole, Mass. (USA)
Genes and Development, Puerto Rico (USA)
Microalgal Biology and Biotechnology, Mosonmagyarovar (Hungary)
Cellular Signalling from Plasma to Nucleus, Santiago (Chile)
Plant Polyphenol Antioxidants in the Biology and Pathology of Free Radicals, Santiago (Chile)
Biomembrane and Molecular Medicine, Cluj-Napoca (Romania)
Molecular Biology Techniques in Malaria, Kampala (Uganda)
Molecular Aspects of Fertilization and Early Development, Aomori (Japan)
Signal Transduction Pathways in Host and Parasite Cells, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Molecular Genetics, Dakar (Senegal)

2000 Mutation Research in Genetic Diseases, Algiers (Algeria)
Animal Cell Technological Bioprocesses: From the Gene to the Product, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Novel Spectroscopic and Physiological Approaches to Neurobiology, Bahia Blanca (Argentina)
Frontiers in Reproduction: Molecular and Cellular Concepts and Applications, Woods Hole (USA)
Techniques for the Study of Functional Genomics, Santiago (Chile)
Screening Methods for Drought Tolerance in Foods Crops, Pretoria (South Africa)
Window to the Zygote 2000: Cell and Molecular Biology of Gametes, Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development, Prague (Czech Republic)
Plant Gene Isolation and Agronomic Use of Transgenic Crops, Beijing (China)
Medical Molecular Genetics and Medicine, Shanghai (China)

2001 Developmental Genetics, Santiago (Chile)
Basic Aspects for Industrial Development of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Nagoya (Japan)
Yeast Odyssey in Molecular Genetics, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
The Use of Expression Systems for Studying Structure, Function and Regulation of Membrane Proteins, Shanghai (China)
Gene Transfer in Plants: Cellular and Molecular Aspects, Kostinbrod (Bulgaria)
Frontiers in Reproduction: Molecular and Cellular Concepts and Applications, Woods Hole (USA)
Modern Biotechnology Approaches for Controlling and Prevention of Fish and Shrimp Diseases, Yogyakarta (Indonesia)
Signalling to Growth and Cell Division in Arabidopsis, London (UK)
Molecular Biology Techniques in Malaria, Kampala (Uganda)
Biotechnological Tools for Plant Improvement, Bahia Blanca (Argentina)
RNA and Biotechnology, Shanghai (China)
Ion Pumps and ABC Transporters Overexpressed in Yeast as Drug Targets, Cape Town (South Africa)

2002 Mass Spectrometry of Proteomics, Havana (Cuba)
Molecular Biology - Principles and Protocols, Garki-Abuja (Nigeria)
Frontiers in Reproduction : Molecular and Cellular Concepts an Applications, Woods Hole, Mass. (USA)
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Molecular Breeding in Cereals, Martonvasar (Hungary)
Cell Motility, Molecular Motors and the Cytoskeleton, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
Computer Applications in Molecular Biology, Tehran (I.R. Iran)
Supramolecular Complex Formation in Signalling and Disease, Santiago (Chile)
Cell Signalling, Shanghai (China)

If you think that your research institution and the young generation of scientists around could benefit from the holding of an ICRO-UNESCO TRAINING COURSE

timely subject matter of cell research,
If your local laboratory and housing facilities are adequate,
If your institution, national granting organizations and national authorities would welcome an international venture,
If you are prepared to invest effort to realize such a project,

Please complete the Organizer Application Form:

The decision of ICRO will be forthcoming in less than a year and can result in financial support.

Prof. Georges N. Cohen, Executive Secretary
INTERNATIONAL CELL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION (ICRO)
UNESCO - SC/BSC
1, Rue Miollis
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