Background
The Programme started as the International Hydrological Decade (IHD, 1965-1974) and was followed by the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) in 1975. Since its inception, much progress has been achieved regarding methodologies for hydrological studies and training and education in the water sciences. Although the general objectives remain valid, greater emphasis is being put on the role of water resources management for sustainable development and the adaptation of the hydrological sciences to cope with the expected changing climate and environmental conditions. Another important objective is to integrate the developing countries into the worldwide ventures of research and training.
The principal modes of execution of IHP, which is a long-term programme executed in phases of a 6-year duration, have been working groups, symposia, workshops, publications and extra-budgetary projects, the latter especially through the UNESCO Regional Offices where Regional Hydrologists are located.
Achievements
The first phase, IHP-I, lasted from 1975 to 1980. IHP-II, on the other hand, was of a shorter duration (1981-1983). This was to enable the Programme to fit in with the timing of the Medium Term Plan of UNESCO. The IHD was mainly research-oriented. IHP-I, which followed on from the IHD, maintained much of the research orientation.
However, in response to the concerns of Member States, the next phases were oriented to include practical aspects of hydrology and water resources. Hence IHP-II (1981-1983) and IHP-III (1984-1989) were planned under the theme Hydrology and the Scientific Bases for Rational Water Resources Management.
The theme chosen for IHP-IV (1990-1995) was : "Hydrology and Water Resources Sustainable Development in a Changing Environment".
IHP-V (1996-2001) was devoted to the theme : "Hydrology and Water Resources Development in a Vulnerable Environment".
Future plans
In the development of its various phases, IHP has gone through a profound transformation from a single discipline to a multi-disciplinary programme. Recently, with the increased presence of the social science component, IHP has become a truly inter-disciplinary programme, capitalizing on the recognition that the solution of the world water problems is not just a technical issue.
The current phase of IHP, IHP-VI, covering the period 2002-2007, is devoted to "Water Interactions : Systems at Risk and Social Challenges".
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