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PART A - ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
1. Identity
and Location
2. Legal
Information
3. Identification
4. Assessment
against the Selection Criteria
5. Management
Plan
6. Consultation
7. Nominator
PART B - SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
8. Assessment
of Risk
9. Preservation
assessment
PART A - ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
1.1 Name of documentary
heritage : Choson Wangjo Shillok (Annals of the Choson Dynasty,
National Treasure No. 151) ; Composed of four editions:
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon (National Treasure
No. 151-1), the edition deposited in the Chongjoksan Archives;
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon (National Treasure
No. 151-2), the edition deposited in the T'aebaeksan Archives;
iii) Odaesan Sagobon (National Treasure
No. 151-3), the edition deposited in the Odaesan Archives;
iv) and Sanyoppon (National Treasure No.
151-4), the edition compiled from volumes of uncertain provenance.
* All the above are collectively designated
National Treasure No. 151.
1.2 Country:
Republic of Korea
1.3 State, province or
region
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon, Odaesan Sagobon
and Sanyoppon: Seoul
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: Pusan
1.4 Address:
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon, Odaesan Sagobon
and Sanyoppon: San 56-1, Shillim 9-dong, Kwanak-ku, Seoul, 151-742
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: San 126, Koje
2-dong, Yonsan-ku, Pusan, 611-072
1.5 Name of organization
or institution
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon, Odaesan Sagobon
and Sanyoppon: Kyujanggak Archives, Seoul National University
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: Pusan Branch
Office of the Government Archives and Records Service (GARS), the Ministry
of Government Administration
2.1 Owner:
Office of Cultural Properties, the Ministry of Culture and Sports, 5-1,
Chong-dong, Chung-ku, Seoul, 100-120- Telephone: 02-318-4700- Fax: 02-319-1130
2.2 Custodian (name and
contact details)
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon, Odaesan Sagobon
and Sanyoppon: the President of Seoul National University
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: Director General
of the Government Archives and Records Service (GARS), the Ministry of
Government Administration
Contact details
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon, Odaesan Sagobon
and Sanyoppon, San 56-1, Shillim 9-dong, Seoul, 151-742 - Telephone: 02-880-5114;-
Fax: 02-880-5092
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 117, ChangSong-dong,
Chongno-ku, Seoul, 110-034 - Telephone: 02-720-4415 - Fax: 02-739-8914
2.3 Legal Status
(a) Category of ownership:
Government property
(b) Details of legal
and administrative provisions for the preservation of the documentary heritage
3.1 Description and inventory
The Annals of the Choson Dynasty
cover more than 470 years of the history of the dynasty, from the reign
of King T'aejo (r. 13921398), the founder, to the reign of King Ch'olchong
(r. 1849~1863). With the kings as the central figures, the annals are daily
records of the overall history and culture of the Choson Dynasty, covering
politics, military affairs, the social system, law, economics, industry,
transportation, communications, customary arts, crafts, religion, etc.
The annals of a given king were definitively compiled only when his successor
ordered it. The materials were collected from Sach'o, or Draft
History, Shijonggi, or Daily Records, ungjongwon Ilgi, or
Royal Secretariat Diary, Uijongbu Tungnok, or Documents
of the State Council, Pibyonsa Tungnok, or Documents of the Border
Defense Council, Ilsongnok, or Daily Court Records, etc. Of
these, Draft History and Daily Records were the most important
sources. The main authors of Draft History were two historiographers,
two assistant historiographers and four censors. These writers always participated
in every national conference and kept records of the actual details of
national affairs under discussion between king and officials. Sometimes
they made character sketches of persons who had done good or evil deeds.
The Daily Records were placed in the custody of the Office for Annals
Compilation (Ch'unch'ugwan, ). Nobody was allowed to read Draft History
and Daily Records except historiographers. Even the king was
not excepted. Any historiographer who disclosed the contents of the annals
was severely punished as a felon. The regulations and ordinances governing
historiography were very strict. The annals were printed and then preserved
in the historical archives under rigorous management. There are a total
of 2,077 books in these four editions of the Annals of the Choson Dynasty,
all of the highest value for history:
i) 1,181 in the Chongjoksan Sagobon
ii) 848 in the T'aebaeksan Sagobon
iii) 27 in the Odaesan Sagobon
iv) and 21 in the Sanyoppon.
Details of inventory:
refer to 3.2 Bibliographic/Registration Details
3.2 Bibliographic/Registration
Details
The title of the Annals of King T'aejo
Kanghon the Great includes the king's posthumous name and his shrine
name. But the title of other annals, like the Annals of King T'aejo
or the Annals of King Sejong, usually include only the king's posthumous
name. Below are listed, for the annals of each of the first 25 kings of
the Choson dynasty, the title, the editions and other bibliographic information.
1. Annals of King T'aejo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 15 chapters in
13 books, compiled by Ha Yun et al., augmented by Chong In-Ji et al., manuscript,
1448, 54cm x 31.8cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 15 chapters in
3 books, reprinted edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.2cm x 31cm.
Historical records of the period of King
T'aejo (r. 1392~1398)
2. Annals of King Chongjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 6 chapters in
4 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation, headed by Yun Hoe,
manuscript, 1426, 49.4cm x 27.4cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 6 chapters in
1 book, reprinted edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43cm x 31.2cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Chongjong (r. 1398~1400). The title page gives the title as the Annals
of King Kongjong, but the title on the book cover is the Annals
of King Chongjong the Great . The shrine name (, Myoho) was
given posthumously.
3. Annals of King T'aejong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 36 chapters in
35 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Hwang
Hi and Maeng Sa-Song, manuscript, 1431 and 54.2cm x 32.6cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 36 chapters in
16 books, reprinted edition with onjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.2cm x 31.2cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 2 books, manuscript, year
printed unknown, 49.2cm x 27.6cm.
Historical records of the period of King
T'aejong (r. 1400~1418).
4. Annals of King Sejong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 163 chapters in
154 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Hwang
Po-In, Kim Chong-So and Chong In-Ji, printed edition in Urhaeja type, 1454,
55cm x 30.2cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 163 chapters
in 67 books, reprinted edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43cm x
31cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 2 books, printed edition
with the Urhaeja type, year printed unknown, 54cm x 29.4cm.
2 books, manuscript, year printed unknown,
42.3cm x 30.1cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Sejong (r. 1418~1450).
Basically the annals are in chronological
format, but in the reign of King Sejong, ritual music (, Yoak) and
many other new cultural institution were established. So separate sections
(, Chi) such as the Five Ritual Ceremonies (, Orye), Musical
Scores (, Akpo), Geography (, Chiriji) and Calculation of
the Motion of Seven Celestial Determinants (, Ch'lchongsan) were
annexed to this edition.
5. Annals of King Munjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 13 chapters in
12 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Chong
In-Ji, printed edition with Urhaeja type, 1455, 54.6cm x 30.2cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 13 chapters in
6 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43cm x 30.6cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Munjong (r. 1450~1452)
6. Annals of King Tanjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 14 chapters in
14 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Shin Suk-Chu,
printed edition with Urhaeja type, 1469, 55.4cm x 29.7cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 14 chapters in
5 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.2cm x 31cm.
iii) Appendix of the Annals of King
Tanjong: 1 book, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation, printed
edition with Hyongjongshillokcha type, 1704, 40cm x 26.3cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Tanjong (r. 1452~1452).
The title of the first chapter is the
Diaries of Prince Nosan, but on the book cover is written Annals of
King Tanjong the Great . This is because King Tanjong was dethroned
by King Sejo and degraded to Prince Nosangun, but later was reinstated
and given his posthumous honorific name and title.
7. Annals of King Sejo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 49 chapters in
42 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Shin Suk-Chu,
printed edition in Urhaeja type, 1471, 55.5cm x 29.8cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 49 chapters in
18 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.1cm x 30.9cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 1 book, printed edition
with the Urhaeja type, year printed unknown, 55.2cm x 29.6cm.
1 book, printed edition with the Sonjoshillokcha
type, year printed unknown, 42.5cm x 30.5cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Sejo (r. 1455~1468).
Musical scores are recorded in the last
two chapters (48 and 49).
8. Annals of King Yejong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 5 books, compiled
by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Shin Suk-Chu, printed edition
in Urhaeja type, 1471, 55cm x 29.4cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 8 chapters in
3 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.2cm x 31cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 1 book, printed edition
with the Urhaeja type, year printed unknown, 55cm x 29.5cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Yejong (r. 1468~1469).
9. Annals of King Songjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 149 books, compiled
by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Shin Sung-Son, printed edition
in Kabinja type, 1499, 65cm x 34.6cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 297 chapters
in 150 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation, reprinted edition
with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.2cm x 30.1cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 1 book, printed edition
with the Sonjoshillokcha type, year printed unknown, 42.9cm x 30.8cm; 1
book, printed edition with the Kabinja type, year printed unknown, 65.5cm
x 34.3cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Songjong (r. 1469~1494).
10. Diaries of Prince Yonsan-gun
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 63 chapters in
46 books, compiled by the Office of Diaries Compilation (, Ilgich'ong)
headed by Kim Kam and Song Hui-An, printed edition with Kabinja type, 1509,
60.3cm x 35.7cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 63 chapters in
17 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.3cm x 31.2cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 2 books, printed edition
with Kabinja type, 1509, 71.3cm x 34.7cm.
Historical records of the period of Prince
Yonsan-gun (r. 1494~1506).
Yonsan-gun was dethroned and degraded
and so the records of his reign were called not annals but diaries. yet
these diaries follow the same system, contents and historical principles
as the annals of other reigns.
11. Annals of King Chungjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 105 chapters in
102 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Yi Chi,
printed edition with Kabinja type, 1550, 65.8cm x 35cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 105 chapters
in 53 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.3cm x
31.3cm.
iii) Odaesan Sagobon: 20 books, reprinted
edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43.3cm x 31.3cm.
iv) Sanyoppon: 1 book, printed edition
with Sonjoshillokcha type, printed year unknown, 65.3cm x 34.5cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Chungjong (r. 1506~1544).
12. Annals of King Injong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 2 chapters in
2 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Shim T'ong-Won,
printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1550, 65.4cm x 35cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 2 chapters in
2 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 42.6cm x 31cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Injong (r. 1544~1545).
13. Annals of King Myongjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 34 chapters in
34 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Hong Som,
printed edition in Kabinja type, 1571, 60.5cm x 36.5cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 34 chapters in
34 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1606, 43cm x 30.4cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 2 books, printed edition
with Kabinja type, year printed unknown, 66cm x 35.8cm.
1 book, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha
type, year printed unknown, 42.7cm x 30.5cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Myongjong (r. 1545~1567).
14. Annals of King Sonjo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 221 chapters in
116 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Yi Hang-Bok
and Ki Cha-Hon, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1616, 43cm x
31.4cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 221 chapters
in 116 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1616, 43cm x 31.4cm.
ii) Odaesan Sagobon: 7 books, printed
edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1616, 43cm x 31.4cm.
iii) Sanyoppon: 1 book, printed edition
with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1616, 42.6cm x 30.9cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Sonjo (r. 1567~1608).
15. Revised Annals of King Sonjo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 42 chapters in
8 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Yi Shik
and Kim Yuk, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1657, 43cm x 31cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 42 chapters in
8 books, printed edition with Sonjoshillokcha type, 1657, 43cm x 31cm.
Republished corrected contents of the
Annals of King Sonjo.
16. Diaries of Prince Kwanghaegun
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 187 chapters in
40 books, compiled by the Office of Diaries Compilation headed by Yun Pang,
manuscript, 1624, 45cm x 31cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 187 chapters
in 64 books, manuscript, 1624, 35cm x 26.7cm.
Historical records of the period of the
Prince Kwanghaegun (r. 1608~1623).
Kwanghaegun was dethroned and degraded,
so the records of his reign were called not annals but diaries. yet these
diaries follow the same system, contents and historical principles as the
annals of other reigns.
17. Annals of King Injo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 50 chapters in
50 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Yi Kyong-Yo,
printed edition with Injoshillokcha type, 1653, 54.9cm x 34cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 50 chapters in
50 books, printed edition with Injoshillokcha type, 1653, 54.9cm x 34cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Injo (r. 1623~1649).
18. Annals of King Hyojong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 21 chapters in
22 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Yi Kyong-Sok,
printed edition with Hyojongshillokcha type, 1661, 52cm x 32cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 21 chapters in
22 books, printed edition with Hyojongshillokcha type, 1661, 52cm x 32cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Hyojong (r. 1649~1659).
19. Annals of King Hyonjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 22 chapters and
an Appendix in 23 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed
by Ho Chok and Kwon Tae-Un, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type,
1677, 51.4cm x 32.4cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 22 chapters and
an Appendix in 23 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type,
1677, 51.4cm x 32.4cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Hyonjong (r. 1659~1674).
20. Revised Annals of King Hyonjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 28 chapters and
an Appendix in 29 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed
by Kim Su-Hang, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1683, 51.2cm
x 32cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 28 chapters and
an Appendix in 29 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type,
1683, 51.2cm x 32cm.
Re-published corrected contents of the
Annals of King Hyonjong.
21. Annals of King Sukchong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 65 chapters in
73 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Kim Ch'ang-Chip,
printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1728, 48.8cm x 30.4cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 65 chapters in
73 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1728, 48.8cm x
30.4cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Sukchong (r. 1674~1720).
22. Annals of King Kyongjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 15 chapters in
7 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Yi Chip
printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1732, 49cm x 29.4cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 15 chapters in
7 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1732, 49cm x 29.4cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Kyongjong (r. 1720~1724).
23. Revised Annals of King Kyongjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 5 chapters in
3 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Chong Chon-Kyom,
printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1781, 49.7cm x 31cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 5 chapters in
3 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1781, 49.7cm x 31cm.
Re-published corrected contents of the
Annals of King Kyongjong.
24. Annals of King Yongjo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 127 chapters in
83 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed by Kim Sang-Ch'ol,
printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1781, 50cm x 30.8cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 127 chapters
in 83 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1781, 50cm x
30.8cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Yongjo (r. 1724~1776)
25. Annals of King Chongjo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 54 chapters, an
Appendix and a Supplement in 56 books, compiled by the Office of Annals
Compilation, headed by Yi Pyong-Mo, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha
type, 1805, 51.4cm x 32.2cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 54 chapters,
an Appendix and a Supplement in 56 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha
type, 1805, 51.4cm x 32.2cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Chongjo (r. 1776~1800)
26. Annals of King Sunjo
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 34 chapters, an
Appendix and a Supplement in 36 books, compiled by the Office of Annals
Compilation headed by Yi Sang-Hwang, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha
type, 1838, 51.4cm x 32cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 34 chapters,
an Appendix and a Supplement in 36 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha
type, 1838, 51.4cm x 32cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Sunjo (r. 1800~1834).
27. Annals of King Hyonjong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 8 chapters and
an Appendix in 9 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed
by Cho In-Yong, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1851, 51cm
x 31.8cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 8 chapters and
an Appendix in 9 books, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1851,
51cm x 31.8cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Hyonjong (r. 1834~1849).
28. Annals of King Ch'olchong
i) Chongjoksan Sagobon: 15 chapters and
an Appendix in 9 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation headed
by Chong Won-Yong, printed edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1865,
50.8cm x 31.8cm.
ii) T'aebaeksan Sagobon: 15 chapters and
an Appendix in 9 books, compiled by the Office of Annals Compilation, printed
edition with Hyonjongshillokcha type, 1865, 50.8cm x 31.8cm.
Historical records of the period of King
Ch'olchong (r. 1849~1863).
3.3 Visual Documentation: 20
photographs and 20 slides
3.4 History: In the Choson dynasty,
the concept of history as a mirror, or exemplar, for government naturally
heightened the interest of the state in the compilation of histories. The
tradition of preparing a history of each reign began with the Annals
of King T'aejo, completed in 1413. This tradition was continued throughout
the dynasty, giving us the basic record known collectively as the Annals
of the Choson Dynasty, Choson Wangjo Shillok. These annals were drafted
by historians in the Office for Annals Compilation. To ensure their safe
transmission to posterity, copies were placed in historical archives in
different parts of the country. In 1431, the royal government recognized
the need to take special measures to preserve the annals and placed the
Annals of King T'aejo, Annals of King Chongjong and Annals
of King T'aejong in the archive of the Office for Annals Compilation
for safekeeping. To further safeguard the annals, new archives were established
in Songju and Chonju in June 1439 and additionally in Ch'ungju in November
1445, at which point four manuscript copies of each document were being
preserved.
However, as a result of the Japanese invasion
of 1592, the annals archived in the Office for Annals Compilation, Songju
and Ch'ungju were destroyed by fire. Only the annals in the Chonju archives
survived. From 1603 to 1606, after the Japanese invasion, the surviving
annals in the Chonju archives were reprinted for the first 13 reigns of
the dynasty, King T'aejo through King Myongjong. One copy of each was kept
in each of four archives:
the Office for Annals Compilation in Seoul
Mt. Manisan on Kanghwa-do Island
Mt. Myohyangsan in P'yongan-do Province
Mt. T'aebaeksan in Kyonsang-do Province
The annals stored in the archive of the
Office for Annals Compilation in Seoul vanished at the time of the Yi Kwal
insurrection but were later recovered. The annals in the Mt. Manisan archive
were partly destroyed in the Qing invasion of 1636 but were restored in
1678. These annals were moved to a new archive on Mt. Chongjoksan, Kanghwa-do
Island. The annals in the Mt. Myohyangsan archive were moved to Mt. Choksangsan
in 1633 due to worsening relations with China. All the annals up to King
Ch'olchong (r. 1849~1863) in the four sets in the Mt. Chongjoksan, Mt.
T'aebaeksan, Mt. Odaesan and Mt. Choksangsan archives were safely handed
down through the end of the dynasty. The Japanese, during their occupation
of Korea, took away the annals preserved in the Mt. Odaesan archive to
Tokyo University. This set vanished during the Tokyo earthquake of 1923.
During the Korean War, the North Koreans moved the set of the annals preserved
in the Mt. Choksangsan archive to Kim Il-Sung University. On December 24,
1984, in accordance with the Korean government's preservation policy, the
848 books of the T'aebaeksan Sagobon were moved to the Pusan Branch Office
of the Government Archives and Records Service from the Kyujanggak Archives
of Seoul National University, where the Chongjoksan Sagobon was
preserved.
3.5 Bibliography: Table 1, List
of Referenced Documents
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| Annals of the Choson Dynasty (photocopy) | - | National History Compilation Committee, Seoul, 1955 | - |
| Annals of King T'aejong, Annals of King Sejong and Annals of the Choson Dynasty, Vol. 1 Introduction | Shin S k-Ho | National History Compilation Committee, Seoul, 1955 | - |
| Annals of King T'aejo the Great Bibliographical Introduction (Korean edition) | Yi Pyong-Do | King Sejong the Great Memorial Society, Seoul, 1972 | - |
| Annals of King T'aejong Bibliographical Introduction (Korean edition) | Shin S k-Ho | King Sejong the Great Memorial Society, Seoul, 1974 | - |
| Annals of King Sejong, Annals of King Songjong, Annals of King Injo, Administrative Code of the Choson Dynasty and Commentaries about Korean Historiographical Materials | Shin S k-Ho | Korean Historical Society, Seoul, 1964 | - |
| Catalogue of Korean Editions in the Kyujanggak Archives, 2 vols. | compiled by Seoul National University Library | Seoul National University Library, Seoul, 1981 | - |
| Catalogue of Korean Editions in the Kyujanggak Archives, 2 vols. (revised edition) | compiled by Kyujanggak Archives in Seoul National University | Pogyong Munhwasa, Seoul, 1994 | index appended |
| Bibliographical Introductions to the Korean Editions in Kyujanggak Collection, vols. I-V | Compiled by Seoul National University Library | Seoul National University Library, Seoul, 1979 | - |
| Catalogue of Korean Editions in the Complete Kyujanggak Collection | Compiled by Tonga Cultural Research Institute, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences of Seoul National University | Tonga Cultural Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 1965 | - |
| Sequel to Bibliographical Introduction to the Korean Editions in Complete Kyujanggak Collection | compiled by Kyujanggak Archives in Seoul National University | Kyujanggak Archives in Seoul National University, Seoul, 1995 | History Part 2, index appended |
| Index to the Bibliographical Introduction to the Korean Editions of the Kyujanggak Collection | compiled by Seoul National University Library | Seoul National University Library, Seoul, 1987 | - |
| Compilation and Historiographers in the Choson Dynasty | Shin S k-Ho | Sach'ong 5, Seoul, 1960 | - |
| The Preservation Status of Archives Since the Opening of Korea | Yi Hyon-Jong | Paeksan Hakpo 8, Seoul, 1970 | - |
| The Management of Books in the Choson Dynasty Archives | Pae Hyon-Su | Kyujanggak 2, Seoul, 1978 | - |
| The Relocations of the Annals of the Choson Dynasty | Yi Sang-Un | Tosogwan 33-4, Seoul, 1978 | - |
| The Manner of Compiling the Annals of the Choson Dynasty and the Historical Recognition of Historiographers | Ch'a Yong-Gol | Han-guksaron 6, National History Compilation Committee, 1986 | - |
| Research on Annals, Historiographers and Archives | Ch'a Yong-Gol | Report on a survey of archival sites, Seoul, 1986 | - |
| Old Korean Printing Types | Son Po-Gi | Korea Library Research Society, Seoul, 1971 | - |
| Styles and the Bibliographical Research on the Printed Books of the Late Choson Dynasty | Paek Lin | Studies of Korean History 3, Seoul, 1969 | - |
4. Assessment against the Selection Criteria
4.1 Assessment of the
documentary heritage against each criterion: Falls under items
4, 5, 6, 7 according to the criterion of the documentary heritage.
Criterion 4 - People - These annals
record historical facts about 25 kings over 472 years, including, of course,
historical facts about their officials and their other subjects. Many of
these facts are of relevance not only to Korean but to world history. Three
of these kings were outstanding: King T'aejo, who founded the dynasty after
overcoming the Koryo dynasty, King Sejong the Great, who invented the Korean
alphabet, hang-gul and devoted himself to the development of science
and King Chongjo, who established the Kyujanggak for the resurrection of
literature and arts. The contributions of other personages to the spread
of culture in Korea and the world were also recorded in detail.
Criterion 5 - Subject/Theme - The
Annals of the Choson Dynasty record the history of the Choson dynasty
for 472 years, from the 1st king, T'aejo, to the 25th, Ch'olchong. This
long history was recorded day by day, without missing a single one. The
annals record daily reports to the king, the king's commands and every
matter dealt with in the public offices. Today, the Annals of the Choson
Dynasty are the basic source materials for the study of the history
and culture of the dynasty. The Annals of the Choson Dynasty record
all the contents of Korean policy, culture and technology as well as Korea's
diplomatic relations with China and Japan. Examples of the topics covered
are trade with China, disputes with Japan and the donation of the Tripitaka
Koreana consisting of 80,000 woodblocks (Koryo P'alman Taejanggyong
) to Japan. Therefore these annals are precious historical materials which
know no borders.
Criterion 6 - Form and Style -
The Annals of the Choson Dynasty at first were in manuscript form, then
printed with movable bronze type and wooden type. The annals for the first
three reigns, those of Kings T'aejo, Chongjo and T'aejong, were in manuscript
form in excellent calligraphy. Their system, contents and binding seem
to be of the highest quality. During the reigns of King Sejong through
King Ch'olchong, the annals were printed with movable bronze and wooden
type. Most movable-type printing in those centuries used the best quality
paper, fonts, bindings, etc. Every one of the annals is a model of the
Korean culture and technology of its time. Table 2 lists the important
movable types used in printing the annals.
Table 2
|
|
|
|
| Kabinja | bronze | 1434 |
| Urhaeja | bronze | 1455 |
| Sonjoshillokcha | wood | ca. 15931603 |
| Hullyondogamja | wood | ca. 15931603 |
| Hyojongshillokcha | bronze | before 1661 |
| Hyonjongshillokcha | bronze | ca. 1677 |
Statement of the significance
of the documentary heritage: Annals of the Choson Dynasty,
designated National Treasure No. 151, is an invaluable cultural property.
Refer to 4. Assessment against the Selection Criteria
Conservation of original
material: Annals of the Choson Dynasty
is designated National Treasure No. 151 for its strict preservation. The
Minister of Culture and Sports shall keep a record of this State-designated
cultural property in accordance with Article 19 of the same act. The Minister
of Culture and sports may have the owner, holder, manager, or managing
body of this State-designated cultural property report on the present shape,
management, repairs, environmental preservation situation and other necessary
matters in accordance with Article 40 of the same act. The owner or the
managing body of a State-designated cultural property may request the Minister
of Culture and Sports for technical guidance with respect to the management
or repairs of the cultural property concerned.
Reformatting: The
Annals of the Choson Dynasty were written in classical Chinese,
which only scholars can read today. Therefore the government and other
concerned organizations have translated them into Korean, a huge task that
took many years and has just been completed. To provide easy public access
to the annals themselves and to information about them, the Ministry of
Culture and Sports has prepared CD-ROMs, photocopies, photographs and various
publications.
Access Policy and Procedures:
For the preservation of this original edition, public showing
is not allowed. A person who intends to try copying, photographing and
other activities which may affect this documentary cultural property shall
obtain the permission of the Minister of Culture and Sports in accordance
with Article 20 of the Cultural Properties Protection Act.
Application for Access:
Institutions are required to submit official notes to gain access.
individuals are required to submit application forms.
Disaster prevention and
recovery plans:
- Prevention of disasters
- Installation of temperature and humidity
control system, heat sensor and fire alarm system and automatic halon extinguishing
system
- Protection of documentary cultural property
in case of emergency: If it is considered necessary for the protection
of documentary cultural property in time of war, armed conflict or similar
emergency, the Minister of Culture and Sports may take necessary measures
including moving it to a safe place, etc., in accordance with Article 71
of the Cultural Properties Protection Act.
- Recovery plans
- A training program to qualify specialists
to produce and maintain microfilm and photocopies and to restore the original
edition in accordance with Article 18 of the Cultural Property Preservation
Act and article 7 of the Enforcement Decree of the Cultural Properties
Protection Act
i) Kyujanggak Archives of Seoul National
University
Preservation and managerial
policies to control the physical environment
- Air quality of the depository: An automatic
air conditioning system in the central control room maintains the optimum
condition of fresh air.
- Temperature of the depository: maintains
a constant temperature of 202
- Humidity of the depository: maintains
the constant relative humidity of 5010%
- Lighting of the depository: The depository
is located underground and so sunlight is blocked thoroughly.
- Shelving and storage: The books are
stored on bookshelves of paulownia wood, which is the most adequate material
to preserve Korean rice paper.
- Security of the depository: thorough
security system with steel doors with double-lock devices and installation
of anti-theft su ersonic detectors and CCTVs watched by full-time security
guards
- Building maintenance: The building is
maintained in an always clean and stable state. It is equipped with a temperature
and humidity control system, a heat sensor and fire alarm system and an
automatic halon-gas fire extinguishing system.
- Qualified staff members control maintenance
with great care.
Preservation treatments
- Access to professional conservation
expertise: Training program to qualify specialists to preserve and restore
the original material in accordance with Article 18 of the Cultural Property
Preservation Act and Article 7 of the Enforcement Decree of the Cultural
Properties Protection Act
- Research activities: R&D on document
conservation technologies
Conservation facilities:
fumigating machine
Preservation staff: 22
- Qualification: BA or MA in the fields
of History or Library Science
- Opportunities for training: more than
one term of training per year on occasion
ii) The Pusan Branch Office of the
GARS
Preservation and managerial
policies to control the physical environment
- Air quality of the depository: An automatic
air conditioning system in the central control room maintains the optimum
condition of fresh air.
- Temperature of the depository: A constant
temperature of 202 is maintained.
- Humidity of the depository: A constant
relative humidity of 5010% is maintained
- Lighting of the depository: The depository
is located underground and so sunlight is off thoroughly blocked.
- Shelving and storage: The books are
stored on bookshelves of paulownia wood, which is the most adequate material
to preserve Korean rice paper.
- Security of the depository: The security
system has steel doors with double-lock devices and anti-theft supersonic
detectors and CCTVs watched by full-time security guards
- Building maintenance: The building is
maintained in an always clean and stable state. It is equipped with a temperature
and humidity control system, a heat sensor and fire alarm system and an
automatic halon-gas fire extinguishing system.
- Qualified staff members control maintenance
with great care.
Preservation treatments
- Access to professional conservation
expertise: training program to qualify specialists to preserve and restore
the original material in accordance with Article 18 of the Cultural Property
Preservation Act and Article 7 of the Enforcement Decree of the Cultural
Properties Protection Act
- Research activities: R&D on document
conservation technologies
- Conservation facilities: fumigating
machine
- Preservation staff: 15 full-time staff
members
- Qualifications: librarians and skilled
public officials
- Opportunities for training: more than
one term of training per year on occasion
6.1 Details of consultation
about the nomination with the
(a) Owner:
Refer to 2.4 Responsible administration
(b) Custodian:
Refer to 2.2 Custodian
7.1 Name KIM,
YOUNG-SOO, Minister of Culture & Sports
7.2 Relationship:
Overall administrative management of this documentary cultural property
7.3 Contact person:
CHUNG, KI-YOUNG, Director of the Office of Cultural Properties
7.4 Contact details:
Refer to 2.4 Responsible administration
Part B - Subsidiary Information
8.1 Nature and scope of
threats to the documentary heritage: The Annals of the Choson
Dynasty are preserved in the most secure way as National Treasure No.
151.
Environmental conditions
The temperature, humidity, lighting and
air quality provide the optimum conditions for the preservation of this
documentary cultural property. Tables 3-1 and 3-2 list the
condition of preservation.
Table 3-1
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Air quality maintenance | automatic air conditioning system |
| Temperature | 1822 |
| Humidity | 4060% |
| Lighting | stored underground to block sunlight |
| Control of maintenance | Qualified staff members control maintenance with great care. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Air quality maintenance | automatic air conditioning system |
| Temperature | 1822 |
| Humidity | 4060% |
| Lighting | special fluorescent lighting |
| Control of maintenance | Qualified staff members control maintenance with great care. |
9.1 An assessment of the
preservation of the documentary heritage: The authorities concerned
are seeking further measures for more advanced scientific preservative
methods.
Present physical state:
The present physical state of the documentary cultural property
is good. Tables 4-1 and 4-2 list the present state of preservation.
Table 4-1
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shelves | paulownia wood shelves |
| Security | anti-theft CCTVs, fire detecting and suppressing system |
| Fire detector and suppress system | heat sensors and fire alarms, automatic halon-gas fire extinguishers |
| Building maintenance | always maintained in a clean state |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shelves | iron-framed shelves |
| Storage containers | paulownia wood boxes |
| Security | anti-theft CCTVs, fire detecting and suppressing system |
| Fire detector and suppress system | heat sensors and fire alarms, automatic halon-gas fire extinguishers |
| Building maintenance | always maintained in a clean state |