Cultural programmes and activities supporting the mobility of artists and cultural professionals between developing and developed countries

Various programmes to increase access and support the mobility of artists and cultural professionals between developing and developed countries, have been developed and implemented by the government for many years, both in the country and abroad. some of the notable programmes implemented for the last four years are: 1. development and implementation of indonesiana cultural platform; 2. organization of bali art festival; 3. organization of indonesian arts summit; 4. organization of vinculos for indonesia concerts in 2017 and 2018; 5. organization of the national performing arts festival; 6. participation in the 2017-2018 europalia art festival; and 7. participation in the pacific exposition in 2019. the indonesiana cultural platform is a derivative programme from law 5 of 2017 on the advancement of culture (see goal 1, specific policies that regulate the cultural and creative economy sector) which was initiated and designed by the ministry of education and culture to help manage cultural activities more systematically. this cultural platform promotes collaboration among organizers of cultural activities in indonesia while respecting the indonesian value of "gotong-royong" which means working together/mutual assistance. collaborative parties (including artists and cultural professionals, local government offices, and the private sectors) are encouraged and received government assistance to establish networks and strengthen their capacities in improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the governance and management of their festival. the government support is focusing on strengthening the curation and production as well as knowledge management of the festivals, whilst also promoting communication and publication. in 2018 as many as 14 festivals were held while 17 festivals were held in 2019 in several regions in indonesia. one of cultural initiatives to promote the inward mobility of artists and cultural professionals was the vinculos for indonesia concert in 2017 and 2018. the 2017 concert was a collaboration between the siero chamber orchestra (ocas orchestra) from spain with music groups from north sumatra. while the 2018 concert was a collaboration of the ocas orchestra with local musicians in ambon (maluku province), as well as in parigi moutong district, sigi regency and palu city (central sulawesi province), and also in pekanbaru city (riau province). a series of concerts in central sulawesi were aimed at supporting social and cultural integration through music and were organized under the indonesiana platform. it should be noted that not all arts and cultural activities in the country are held under the indonesiana platform. some examples of which have been reported in the previous qpr, namely the bali arts festival (pkb), the indonesian arts summit (kttsi), and the national performing arts festival (fnsp), are still being organized regularly. since the last qpr, pkb has been held annually with the 41st event held in 2019 and kttsi has been held every three years with the last 8th event held from late 2016 to early 2017. meanwhile, the last fnsp was held in 2018. in addition to various domestic programmes, increasing access to and supporting the mobility of indonesian artists and cultural activists are also carried out by participating in a number of arts and cultural activities abroad, such as the europalia art festival in 2017-2018 and pacific exposition 2019. the europalia art festival is a biannual festival which is considered to be one of the biggest art festivals in europe. indonesia was the first southeast asian guest country at this festival which has been held 17 times since 1969. the overall theme of the 2017 europalia art festival - indonesia is "heritage, contemporary arts, creation and exchange". the festival was held in seven european countries, namely britain, france, germany, the netherlands, belgium, austria and poland, from 10 october 2017 to 21 january 2018. meanwhile, the 2019 pacific exposition was held for the first time with the initiation of indonesia and the support of australia and new zealand. the expo gathered participants from 20 countries in the pacific (including australia, cook islands, micronesia, fiji, french polynesia, kiribati, marshall islands, nauru, new zealand, niue, palau, papua new guinea, samoa, solomon islands, timor leste, tuvalu, vanuatu, and new caledonia) and 123 companies from pacific countries. although the main purpose of the expo is to strengthen collaboration in tourism and develop cooperation in the fields of trade and investment, pacific exposition also features melanesian cultural performances presented by delegations from five provinces in eastern indonesia (papua, west papua, maluku, maluku north, and east nusa tenggara). in general, the cultural programmes and activities supporting the mobility of artists and cultural professionals between developing and developed countries are aimed at contributing to the realization of the following national strategy for culture (see goal 1, main policies and measures that contain strategies and frameworks for the development of the integrated cultural and creative economy sector): 1. provide space for the diversity of cultural expressions and encourage cultural interaction to strengthen the inclusiveness of culture (agenda 1); 2. develop and utilize cultural resources to strengthen the position of indonesia internationally (agenda 3); 3. strengthen the role of government as facilitator in the advancement of culture (agenda 7).